The measure algebra does not always embed

The Measure Algebra Does Not Always Embed

The Open Colouring Axiom implies that the measure algebra cannot be embedded into P(N)/fin. We also discuss errors in previous results on the embeddability of the measure algebra. Introduction. The aim of this paper is to prove the following result. Main Theorem. The Open Colouring Axiom implies that the measure algebra cannot be embedded into the Boolean algebra P(N)/fin. By “the measure algeb...

Monitoring does not always count.

The gross under-resourcing of conservation endeavours has placed an increasing emphasis on spending accountability. Increased accountability has led to monitoring forming a central element of conservation programs. Although there is little doubt that information obtained from monitoring can improve management of biodiversity, the cost (in time and/or money) of gaining this knowledge is rarely c...

Shallow seismic reflection does not always work

Shallow seismic reflection has seen widespread use in a variety of environmental, groundwater, and engineering applications over the last 15 years. Seismic reflection, like any other geophysical technique, has reasonably well defined limitations. Besides the well-published resolution limitation, the effectiveness of the technique is strongly dependent, and in many cases controlled, by near-surf...

Costly punishment does not always increase cooperation.

In a pairwise interaction, an individual who uses costly punishment must pay a cost in order that the opponent incurs a cost. It has been argued that individuals will behave more cooperatively if they know that their opponent has the option of using costly punishment. We examined this hypothesis by conducting two repeated two-player Prisoner's Dilemma experiments, that differed in their payoffs...

Commentary: Similar Philosophy Does Not Always Synchronize